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ABDOMINAL PAIN
Common causes are
Right Upper Quadrant; A/c cholecystitis, biliary colic,
pneumonia.
Epigastrium; Peptic ulcer, gastritis, pancreatitis,
crohn’s disease.
Left Upper Quadrant; Splenomegaly, IBS, basal pneumonia.
Right Loin; Ureteric colic. Pyelonephritis, duodenal
ulcer.
Periumbilical; Early appendicitis, small bowel
obstruction, perforated peptic ulcer, ruptured aortic aneurysm,
mesenteric artery occlusion, Crohn’s disease.Meckel’s
diverticulitis.
Left Loin;
Ureteric colic, diverticulitis, IBS, Pyelonephritis.
Right Iliac Fossa; Appendicitis, Ureteric colic,
unruptured ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst, Meckel’s
diverticulitis, salpingitis, inguinal and femoral hernia.
Hypogastrium; Large bowel obstruction, ruptured ectopic
pregnancy, cystitis, uterine cramps, endometriosis, PID.
Left Iliac Fossa; Ureteric colic, diverticulitis,
unruptured ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts, ulcerative colitis,
constipation, salpingitis, inguinal and femoral hernia.
CARDIOVASCULAR;
Aortic aneurysm ( pulsatile mass, shock )
Haemolytic anaemia ( jaundice, malaise, pallor )
Sickle cell anaemia ( jaundice, fever, negriod )
Thalassaemia major (hepatosplenomegaly, lethargy, jaundice )
Rheumatic fever ( arthralgia, chorea, fever )
Mesenteric artery occlusion (nausea, melaena, diarrhoea )
Sub acute bacterial endocarditis (fever, malaise, arthralgia )
GASTROINTESTINAL
Gastritis ( anorexia, haematemesis, nausea )
Peptic ulcer (us. Epigastric , tender, nausea )
IBS ( dyspepsia, varied bowel habits )
Crohn’s disease ( epigastric, tender, nausea )
Small intestinal tumors ( melaena, anorexia, nausea )
Meckle’s diverticulitis (melaena, anorexia, nausea )
Gut obstruction ( colic, vomit, constipation )
Ileus ( precipitating factor, distension, vomit )
Appendicitis ( us. RIF, anorexia, nausea )
Diverticulitis ( us. LIF, diarrhoea & constipation, melaena )
Coeliac disease ( anaemia, underweight,)
Ulcerative colitis (diarrhoea, fever, weight loss )
Intusssception (child, brief attacks)
Infantile colic (4 to 16 wks of age )
Constipation ( cause to rule out)
Pseudomembraneous colitis (diarrhoea )
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