CLASSIFICATION IN PSYCHIATRY 

A. ORGANIC PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
Delirium
Dementia
Amnesic disorder
Organic hallucinosis
Organic mood disorders
Organic anxiety disorders
Organic personality disorders

B. FUNCTIONAL PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
Psychotic disorders
Scizhhophrenia
Affective disorders
Others eg. Paranoid disorders
Neurotic disorders
Anxiety disorder
Phobic disorder
Obsessive compulsive disorder
Hysteria
Hypochondrias is
Neurotic depression
Other neurotic & stress related disorders
Personality disorders
Eg. Histerionic personality disorder
Psychosexual disorders
Gender identity disorder
Paraphilias
Psychosexual dysfunctions  

C. DRUG & ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS
Abuse
Dependence
Intoxication
Withdrawal

D. PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS
Bronchial asthma
Hyperventilation
Peptic ulceration

E. SLEEP DISORDERS
Dyssomnias
Parasomnias

F. CHILD PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
Autism
Developmental disorders
MR
Attention deficit disorder
Conduct disorder
Tic disorder
Enuresis & encopresis
Speech disorder
                                              Other disorders
PSYCHOSIS
    It is a condition characterized by an impairment of insight and reality with a marked effect on the personality and functioning of the individual.
40%in total
Features
Biological factors are more important than environmental factors in aetiology
Total disintegration of personality
There are gross disturbance of thinking, emotion & behavior
There is loss of insight and judgment
Therapeutic response is not remarkable
Organic, functional and symptomatic

ORGANIC PSYCHOSIS
Result from organic damage of the brain tissue from primary brain disease or the brain may be secondarily involved from various diseases involving liver, kidney, endocrine gland etc.

AETIOLOGY
Head injury, meningitis, encheohalitis,CVA ,Icsol, neurosyphilis, epilepsy
Cerebral malaria, drugs, anoxic state
Endocrine disease, renal disease, hepatic diseases
Senile artriosclerosis, presenile degeneration, avitaminosis
Clinical Features
Amnesia for recent events, while recalling of remote events till the advanced stage
Disorientation of time, person place & self
Loss of judgment
Dementia
Confabulation or story making
Circumstantialities or discussion beyond the present topic
Lack of attention
Loss of emotional control, easily provoked by anger or laughter
Instinctual anomalies
Hypochondrias is
Deterioration of personal care, social bandage & custom
Disorders of concisions of varying degree
Change in personality

INVESTIGATIONS
1.Routinely hepatic, cerebral, renal & endocrine disturbances
2. Psychologically
# . Bender gestalt test – Asked to copy 8
#. Verbal and non verbal intelligence test
#. Memory test by counting the digits

TREATMENT
- Treat the underline cause
- Fluid,electrolyte & acid base balance
- Massive vitamin therapy
- Antipsychotic drugs
- ECT & rehabilitation

ORGANIC FUNCTIONAL
Having an organic disease       No organic disease
Disorientation of time place & person Not
Impaired consciousness Not
Visual hallucinations Auditory
Disturbed conceptual thinking Not so
Confabulation Not
Deteriorated personal & social habits Not so
Psychological tests +ve Negative
EEG show abnormality Usually normal

FUNCTIONAL PSYCHOSIS
Scizophrenia
Dementia precox
A form of mental illness characterized by an abnormal emotional reaction associated with deterioration in personality

AETIOLOGY
No definite
Genetic - 40% if both parents,   50% in monozygotic twins
Intra uterine brain damage
Increased dopamine activity
Dysfunction of limbic system of dominant hemisphere

PREDISPOSING FACTORS
- Hereditary
- In narrow typed physique ( athletes & displastic types)
- In schizoid personality – are unsocial shy & oversensitive
- Parent child relationship – broken homes etc.
- Low socioeconomic classes
- Extrinsic factors – physical illness, pregnancy, child birth, psychic upset etc.
- Endocrine & metabolic disturbances
- Influence of surroundings- poor housing condition, overcrowding etc.

CLINICAL FEATURES
15-35 age Females more
Withdrawal
Thought disorder – flight of ideas, poverty of ideas, meaningless talk
Emotional abnormalities – emotional flattering & incongruity rapid change of emotions
Change in behavior and motor function - awkward, abrupt, violent, repeat things said to him
Disorders of perception -  hallucination than illusion - auditory hallucination

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